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New Accessibility Techniques for PDF: Lists

November 2025 by PDF Association staff

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

FaaS – Small Is Beautiful

March 2022 by François Charette (Compart GmbH)
Article


Function as a Service (FaaS) as a relatively new cloud model is also an attractive option in document and output management. But for which processes is FaaS suitable? The advantages … Read more

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March 2022 by Thomas Zellmann
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This post provides users with a quick overview of PDF/A explaining what it is, why it should be used, what … Read more

Article

February 2022 by Duff Johnson
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This Global Information Governance Day it’s time to focus on how better PDF = better IG. #GIGD

Article

February 2022 by Is the role of encryption key for information governance?
Computer storage devices and a shield.

It is essential to understand that with long term storage secure formats does not in themselves prevent user error or … Read more

Article

January 2022 by Carsten Luedtge (Compart GmbH)
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In fact, it’s about up-valuing content and documents to intelligent information media. In the final analysis, data is the raw … Read more

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January 2022 by Peter Wyatt
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PDF Association’s CTO, Peter Wyatt discusses text strings in PDF.

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November 2021 by Carsten Luedtge (Compart GmbH)
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Key performance indicator (KPI) systems must also be strictly oriented to the strategic corporate goals in document and output management … Read more

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November 2021 by Peter Wyatt
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PDF Association CTO Peter Wyatt explains the transparent imaging model in PDF and recounts its significance since Adobe introduced this … Read more

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November 2021 by PDF Association staff
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Almost every email client can save email messages as PDF files, but none do so in a manner that retains … Read more

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November 2021 by Peter Wyatt
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This freely-available PDF file includes 8 test cases that only render correctly if the abbreviated key name is used. If … Read more

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October 2021 by Peter Wyatt
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PDF issues has been redesigned based on industry feedback: all resolved errata are now published via https://pdf-issues.pdfa.org.

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