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New Accessibility Techniques for PDF: Lists

November 2025 by PDF Association staff

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

PDF/A-3 brings new opportunities

January 2015 by PDF Association staff
Article


The ability to embed any file format into a PDF/A-3 file makes use of PDF’s ‘container’ principle. This feature also has the potential to vastly improve the way we work … Read more

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January 2015 by PDF Association staff
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The main challenge when archiving emails is the absolute menagerie of different file formats a business has to deal with.

Article

January 2015 by Matthias Wagner
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Electronic invoices: New uniform data format ZUGFeRD saves money and helps SMEs

News

January 2015 by PDF Association staff
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PDF files have long proven popular for invoices and other documents transacted during routine business. ZUGFeRD has the potential to … Read more

Article

January 2015 by Output Management for SAP and PDF/A

SAP’s product range includes a powerful document management system (DMS). Its wide range of structuring options bring order to document-based … Read more

Article

January 2015 by PDF Association staff
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Industries which exchange large volumes of documents with their customers – financial services, insurance, energy and others – are currently … Read more

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January 2015 by PDF Association staff
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Although PDF technology has enormous potential in mobile devices, tagged PDF is still ignored by screen readers on every mobile … Read more

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January 2015 by Duff Johnson
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A just-published report from the Australian government finds that PDF as a file-format is accessible but that PDF as supported … Read more

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December 2014 by Duff Johnson
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The 2nd edition of PDF/UA is a minor revision, but what’s more exciting is that it conforms to PDF/UA!. Developers … Read more

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December 2014 by Duff Johnson
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An overwhelming majority say that they learned readily applicable information, both from the sessions and one-on-one discussions.

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December 2014 by Duff Johnson
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The Product Representation Compact (PRC) format for sharing 3D data with end users has been published as ISO 14739-1:2014.

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