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Best Practice Guide: Math in PDF

The Best Practice Guide provides recommendations for creating STEM documents and other documents with complex technical and mathematical content using PDF files conforming to PDF 2.0.

In a demonstration of the standards it promotes, the guide itself is published as a PDF 2.0 document that complies with PDF/UA-2, WTPDF, and the PDF/A-4f long-term archival standard. It utilizes an associated CSS file to ensure superior MathML rendering in HTML derived from the PDF.

This document is non-normative and does not modify any requirements in existing ISO standards for PDF.

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Technical questions about this Best Practice Guide are most effectively addressed by the LaTeX Project LWG. If you are not a member of the PDF Association but wish to offer a comment, please write to info@pdfa.org.

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Download Best Practice Guide: Math in PDF

Published by the PDF Association © 2026

Developed by the LaTeX Project LWG.

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