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New Accessibility Techniques for PDF: Lists

November 2025 by PDF Association staff

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

Part 1: Defending Your PDFs: Blocking AI Models from Scraping Your Data

June 2025 by Patrick Gallot (Datalogics)
Article


This article explains the options in allowing, limiting, and/or preventing data scraping from occurring when AI and text data mining tools are used.

Patrick Gallot
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June 2025 by PDF Association staff
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In support of the International Archives Week theme and its four subthemes, the PDF Association is announcing its forthcoming Best … Read more

Article

May 2025 by PDF Association staff
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Announcing the Monday keynote speaker for PDF Days Europe 2025, the new poster sessions and Peter Wyatt’s PDF Workshop!

Article

April 2025 by Duff Johnson
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What does it take to build the organizational skills and resources necessary to succeed in ensuring PDF documents are accessible?

Article

March 2025 by Robin Watts (Artifex Software Inc)
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Brotli compression is coming soon to PDF 2.0, enabling smaller file sizes. Sample PDF files are available to kickstart development!

Article

March 2025 by Erin Dempsey (TWAIN Working Group)
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This article explores how ISVs can use PDF/R to improve imaging application software’s efficiency, reduce development complexity, and enhance customer … Read more

Article

February 2025 by Peter Wyatt
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Google’s Jpegli promises smaller JPEG images (and so, smaller PDF files) with no change to reader software! Check it out … Read more

Article

January 2025 by Peter Wyatt
Peter Wyatt
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What’s the smallest possible fully compliant and validatable PDF file? We set out to answer the question.

Article

January 2025 by Peter Wyatt
Peter Wyatt
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Triggered by our own experience in preparing the cheat sheet collection, this article explores the capabilities of PDF collections and … Read more

Article

December 2024 by Duff Johnson
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Most people searching for “pdf” are interested in a document, not the file format. Google Trends data offers a window … Read more

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December 2024 by Duff Johnson
Duff Johnson
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The PDF Association looks back at industry activities, events and accomplishments in 2024.

Article

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