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New Accessibility Techniques for PDF: Lists

November 2025 by PDF Association staff

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

Deriving HTML from PDF Explored in Paris

March 2023 by Roman Toda
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The Deriving HTML from PDF TWG’s specification is an important part of their program of work as it supports one of the most critical use cases for well-tagged pdfs – … Read more

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March 2023 by Matthew Hardy
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The goal of the Well-Tagged PDF (WTPDF) specification is to ensure high-quality documents that are suitable for content reuse, extraction, … Read more

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March 2023 by Markus Erle
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The PDF Accessibility Liaison Working Group (LWG) is taking aim at providing a full set of techniques to demonstrate correct … Read more

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March 2023 by Dietrich von Seggern (callas software GmbH)
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PDF/A – the ISO standard for long-term archiving – now has four sub-standards. This raises an obvious question: which one … Read more

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March 2023 by Patrick Gallot
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The 3D and RichMedia Technical Working Groups will be combining for an in-person session during PDF Week 2023 Paris to … Read more

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March 2023 by Matthias Valvekens
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The Digital Signature Technical Working Group chair lays out the work to be discussed at PDF Week Paris 2023.

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February 2023 by Paul Rayius (Allyant)
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The PDF/UA Processor LWG will continue the work of developing a processor and AT specification to help drive better accessible … Read more

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February 2023 by Peter Wyatt
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The joint Australian and New Zealand national committee on Records and Document Management Systems recommendation to both Standards Australia and … Read more

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January 2023 by Peter Wyatt
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Adobe engineers have formally added support for Unicode 15 to the CMap resources for both Adobe-Japan1-7 and Adobe-KR-9 in the … Read more

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January 2023 by Peter Wyatt
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How ISO 19445 might be used with PDF 2.0 and related technology updates relevant to the graphic arts industry.

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January 2023 by Peter Wyatt
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CTO Peter Wyatt summarizes key takeaways from the first two years of the PDF specification’s public errata process.

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