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New Accessibility Techniques for PDF: Lists

November 2025 by PDF Association staff

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

PDF technical resources for the less technically-minded

July 2021 by PDF Association staff
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Technical resources on pdfa.org are now more understandable and navigable by less technically experienced readers as well as knowledgeable developers.

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July 2021 by Peter Shikli (Access2online Inc.)
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PDF documents can be as accessible as web pages if presented correctly.

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July 2021 by Peter Wyatt
Peter Wyatt
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To assist both academic and industry researchers achieve high-quality and accurate PDF-oriented research outcomes, the PDF Association is now offering … Read more

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June 2021 by PDF Association staff
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Check out the agenda for PDF Days Europe 2021, and get your early bird ticket while they last!

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June 2021 by PDF Association staff
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pdfa.org resources now include a new technical index, list of GitHub repos and more.

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June 2021 by Peter Wyatt
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Doing PDF right means being aware of errata for PDF 2.0. With over 65 issues now resolved and approved by … Read more

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June 2021 by PDF Association staff (Adobe)
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The Endowment supplements membership dues to enable the PDF Association to maintain and extend its support for administration of ISO … Read more

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May 2021 by Peter Wyatt
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The PDF Association expands its pdf-issues GitHub repo to cover all ISO standards based on PDF 2.0.

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May 2021 by Peter Wyatt
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The LangSec IEEE S&P Workshop this year includes several PDF-related presentations resulting from SafeDocs research including a paper by CTO … Read more

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May 2021 by PDF Association staff
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An overview of industry working-group activities pertaining to tagged PDF.

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April 2021 by PDF Association staff
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Version 1.18 of veraPDF, the industry-supported PDF/A validator, is now available for download, and now includes support for PDF/UA-1 (machine … Read more

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