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New Accessibility Techniques for PDF: Lists

November 2025 by PDF Association staff

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

PDF Days Europe: Monday Keynote, Posters and more!

May 2025 by PDF Association staff
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Announcing the Monday keynote speaker for PDF Days Europe 2025, the new poster sessions and Peter Wyatt’s PDF Workshop!

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April 2025 by Duff Johnson
Duff Johnson
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What does it take to build the organizational skills and resources necessary to succeed in ensuring PDF documents are accessible?

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March 2025 by Robin Watts (Artifex Software Inc)
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Brotli compression is coming soon to PDF 2.0, enabling smaller file sizes. Sample PDF files are available to kickstart development!

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March 2025 by Erin Dempsey (TWAIN Working Group)
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This article explores how ISVs can use PDF/R to improve imaging application software’s efficiency, reduce development complexity, and enhance customer … Read more

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February 2025 by Peter Wyatt
Peter Wyatt
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Google’s Jpegli promises smaller JPEG images (and so, smaller PDF files) with no change to reader software! Check it out … Read more

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January 2025 by Peter Wyatt
Peter Wyatt
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What’s the smallest possible fully compliant and validatable PDF file? We set out to answer the question.

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January 2025 by Peter Wyatt
Peter Wyatt
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Triggered by our own experience in preparing the cheat sheet collection, this article explores the capabilities of PDF collections and … Read more

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December 2024 by Duff Johnson
Duff Johnson
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Most people searching for “pdf” are interested in a document, not the file format. Google Trends data offers a window … Read more

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December 2024 by Duff Johnson
Duff Johnson
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The PDF Association looks back at industry activities, events and accomplishments in 2024.

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November 2024 by PDF Association staff
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We’ve established a new public GitHub repository to allow anyone to log and discuss issues and requests against PDF Association … Read more

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November 2024 by Peter Wyatt
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In 2021, not a single tested implementation passed this test. 3 years later about three-quarters of viewers we checked now … Read more

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