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New Accessibility Techniques for PDF: Lists

November 2025 by PDF Association staff

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

PDF/X and the other PDF standards

May 2017 by Dietrich von Seggern
Article


by Dietrich von Seggern Specialized ISO standards based on the Portable Document Format are available for a wide range of purposes. PDF Originally developed by Adobe Systems in 1993, PDF … Read more

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May 2017 by Dietrich von Seggern
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by Dietrich von Seggern PDF/X was the first ISO standard based on PDF technology. A subset of the PDF specification, … Read more

Article

May 2017 by Peter De Bruyne
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Even as the first part of PDF/X was published as ISO 15930-1 in 2001, others were already in development. PDF/X … Read more

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May 2017 by Dietrich von Seggern
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PDF/X is a subset of PDF – see “Technical side and requirements of PDF/X” for an overview. As such, conforming … Read more

Article

March 2017 by PDF Association staff
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How will the PDF 2.0 interop workshops work? This article explains the process of building the test-matrix to establish possibilities … Read more

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March 2017 by PDF Association staff
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With over 35 informative sessions across a wide range of topics spanning the future of PDF technology, this year’s PDF … Read more

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February 2017 by Duff Johnson
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As we reported yesterday, those in the crypto world are well-aware that Google and others have proven that SHA-1, the … Read more

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February 2017 by PDF 2.0 interop events: risk management and efficiency

Some customers will decide to make the jump to PDF 2.0. Others will be blissfully unaware that it’s heading toward … Read more

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December 2016 by Matt Kuznicki
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Designed around the subjects of archiving and accessibility, PDF Day Australia brought a number of international PDF experts together for … Read more

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November 2016 by PDF Association staff
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Postscript took off like a rocket, but PDF took its time. Many people wondered “What’s it for?” In this video, … Read more

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August 2016 by Duff Johnson
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ECM needs a common portable container to move information management to the next level.

Article

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