PDF Association logo

Discover pdfa.org

Key resources

Get involved

How do you find the right PDF technology vendor?
Use the Solution Agent to ask the entire PDF communuity!
The PDF Association celebrates its members’ public statements
of support
for ISO-standardized PDF technology.

Member Area

New Accessibility Techniques for PDF: Lists

November 2025 by PDF Association staff

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

The PDF Association’s third release of its Techniques for Accessible PDF focuses on lists!

This new guidance offers 15 correct (PASS) and 10 incorrect (FAIL) examples of list tagging to help authors properly tag lists in PDF documents.

Proper tagging supports assistive technologies, ensures correct list semantics (ordered, unordered, nested, etc.), and enables accurate reflow and conversions. The provided techniques and failure examples cover all basic types of lists and address common pitfalls. As always, these techniques are vendor-neutral and community-maintained.

Files inside PDF

May 2024 by Peter Wyatt
Article


Accurately understanding the kinds of data that can be in a PDF and how it is stored can be very important. This article aims to explain the different ways by … Read more

Peter Wyatt
Visit Peter Wyatt's profile.

April 2024 by Peter Wyatt
Peter Wyatt
Visit Peter Wyatt‘s profile.

All ISO publications are written according to a set of rules known as the ISO Directives. In this article, the … Read more

Article

April 2024 by axes4 GmbH
axes4 Logo horizontal
Visit axes4 GmbH‘s profile.

Accessibility is vital for ensuring that everyone, regardless of their abilities, can fully participate in society. This article delves into … Read more

Article

March 2024 by Peter Wyatt
Peter Wyatt
Visit Peter Wyatt‘s profile.

How meaningful is PDF’s version number? SafeDocs’ research reveals that 20% of extant files contain features that exceed the stated … Read more

Article

March 2024 by Peter Wyatt
Peter Wyatt
Visit Peter Wyatt‘s profile.

Peter Wyatt shares his custom metadata panels – very useful for discovering ISO standards and PDF Declarations metadata! (until vendors … Read more

Article

February 2024 by Duff Johnson
Duff Johnson
Visit Duff Johnson‘s profile.

It’s time for AI integrators to help authors make semantically rich documents… and step up their game on PDF inputs.

Article

January 2024 by PDF Association staff
PDF Association logo
Visit PDF Association staff‘s profile.

A major focus of the PDF Association’s work is to increase awareness and adoption of standards and best practices for … Read more

Article

January 2024 by PDF Association staff
PDF Association logo
Visit PDF Association staff‘s profile.

The PDF, ICC, NITF and video datasets used in SafeDocs’ performer hackathons and evaluations are now available for download from … Read more

Article

December 2023 by PDF Association staff
PDF Association logo
Visit PDF Association staff‘s profile.

In 2023, the volunteers and staff of the PDF Association were busier than ever, with new working groups, resources, and … Read more

Article

December 2023 by Duff Johnson
Duff Johnson
Visit Duff Johnson‘s profile.

It’s difficult to find other search terms that share PDF’s continuous upwards trend. Few technologies show this resilience, especially over … Read more

Article

December 2023 by PDF Association staff
PDF Association logo
Visit PDF Association staff‘s profile.

Join this webinar to learn why PDF/X-1a was a good idea 20 years ago, but no longer today and find … Read more

Article

Member News

WordPress Cookie Notice by Real Cookie Banner