PDF Association logo

Discover pdfa.org

Key resources

Get involved

How do you find the right PDF technology vendor?
Use the Solution Agent to ask the entire PDF communuity!
The PDF Association celebrates its members’ public statements
of support
for ISO-standardized PDF technology.

Member Area


A case study in PDF forensics: The Epstein PDFs

This article details a PDF forensics case study on a small, random selection of the Epstein PDF files released by the US Department of Justice (DoJ). The tranche contains 4,085 PDF files, with an estimated 5,879 remaining unreleased. Key findings include:

  • A difference in PDF version reporting between forensic tools.
  • The presence of two incremental updates.
  • The discovery of a hidden (orphaned) document information dictionary revealing the software used in processing.
  • The DoJ avoided JPEG images to prevent metadata leakage.
  • Overall, the DoJ’s sanitization workflow could be improved to reduce file size and information leakage.
Peter Wyatt

By Peter Wyatt
December 2025

A case study in PDF forensics: The Epstein PDFs

This article details a PDF forensics case study on a small, random selection of the Epstein PDF files released by the US Department of Justice (DoJ). The tranche contains 4,085 PDF files, with an estimated 5,879 remaining unreleased. Key findings include:

  • A difference in PDF version reporting between forensic tools.
  • The presence of two incremental updates.
  • The discovery of a hidden (orphaned) document information dictionary revealing the software used in processing.
  • The DoJ avoided JPEG images to prevent metadata leakage.
  • Overall, the DoJ’s sanitization workflow could be improved to reduce file size and information leakage.
Peter Wyatt

By Peter Wyatt
December 2025

Overcoming ossification: advancing PDF’s imaging model 

July 2023 by Duff Johnson
Article


Overcoming ossification requires everyone to agree on the strategy and specific technical changes affecting all stakeholders.

Duff Johnson
Visit Duff Johnson's profile.

July 2023 by Peter Wyatt
Peter Wyatt
Visit Peter Wyatt‘s profile.

PDF Association members now have a new resource: advance previews of targeted test cases highlighting differences between implementations, including in-depth … Read more

For members only

July 2023 by Matthew Hardy
Visit Matthew Hardy‘s profile.

The PDF Association is proud to announce the release of “ISO/TS 32005 Document management – Portable Document Format – PDF … Read more

Article

July 2023 by Paul Rayius (Allyant)
Photo of Paul Rayius
Visit Paul Rayius‘s profile.

This update from the PDF/UA Processor LWG includes an example of its work mapping PDF’s structure types to web accessibility … Read more

Article

July 2023 by PDF Association staff
PDF Association logo
Visit PDF Association staff‘s profile.

The most recent specification of PDF doesn’t limit page size… at all. That’s up to the implementation.

PDF in the Wild

July 2023 by Thomas Zellmann
Picture of Thomas Zellmann
Visit Thomas Zellmann‘s profile.

Why PDF 2.0 is the definition of PDF every developer should use – even if your products don’t support PDF … Read more

Article

July 2023 by PDF Association staff
PDF Association logo
Visit PDF Association staff‘s profile.

As its members become more active in PDF Association communities we’ve taken new steps to ensure that easy access to … Read more

PDF Association news

July 2023 by PDF Association staff
PDF Association logo
Visit PDF Association staff‘s profile.

Leverage PDF Week Fall 2023 to highlight your support for standardized PDF technology!

For members only

June 2023 by PDF Association staff
PDF Association logo
Visit PDF Association staff‘s profile.

Save October 16-20 for PDF Week Fall 2023 in San Francisco including an open Industry Symposium on Advancing PDF’s Imaging … Read more

PDF Association news

June 2023 by PDF Association staff
PDF Association logo
Visit PDF Association staff‘s profile.

DARPA recognizes the PDF Association’s contributions to its SafeDocs program.

News

June 2023 by PDF Association staff
PDF Association logo
Visit PDF Association staff‘s profile.

PDF’s imaging model is due for its first refresh in 20 years. You can participate by joining the new PDF … Read more

PDF Association news

Member News

WordPress Cookie Notice by Real Cookie Banner